Did you know that there are over 200 subtypes of dementia? While many different conditions can cause dementia, some of the most common types include Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and mixed dementia.

Dementia affects nearly one million people across the UK in 2025, with that number expected to rise steadily in the coming years. At Memory Matters, we understand how overwhelming a diagnosis can be — not just for the individual, but for their loved ones too. One of the first steps in navigating dementia is understanding the different types and the signs to look out for.

**What is Dementia?**

Dementia is not a single disease but an umbrella term for a range of progressive neurological conditions that affect memory, thinking, behaviour and the ability to perform everyday activities. Each type of dementia has its own causes and symptoms, and recognising the differences is crucial for early diagnosis and support. it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.

The Most Common Types of Dementia in the UK include:

1. Alzheimer’s Disease

Overview: The most common form of dementia accounts for around 60–70% of cases.

Key Signs:

Memory loss, particularly forgetting recent events
Difficulty with problem-solving or planning
Getting confused about time or place
Misplacing items and struggling to retrace steps

2. Vascular Dementia

Overview: Often caused by reduced blood flow to the brain due to stroke or small vessel disease.

Key Signs:

Slower thinking and reasoning
Difficulty with concentration
Mood changes or apathy
Problems with movement or balance

3. Dementia with Lewy Bodies

Overview: Caused by abnormal protein deposits in the brain, sharing some similarities with Parkinson’s.

Key Signs:

Visual hallucinations
Fluctuating alertness and confusion
Sleep disturbances
Muscle stiffness or tremors

4. Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)

Overview: Affects younger people more commonly and impacts the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain.

Key Signs:

Personality or behaviour changes
Difficulty with speech or language
Impulsive or socially inappropriate behaviour
Emotional bluntness

5. Mixed Dementia

Overview: A combination of two or more types of dementia, typically Alzheimer’s and Vascular.

Key Signs: Symptoms may overlap depending on the types involved, making diagnosis and treatment more complex.

Spotting the Early Signs

Recognising dementia early can lead to more effective management and support. Common early warning signs include:
Repeating questions or losing track of conversations
Struggling to follow familiar routines
Difficulty finding the right words
Withdrawing from social activities
Changes in mood or personality

If you notice any of these signs in yourself or a loved one, it’s important to speak to a GP. Early diagnosis not only gives access to treatments and support services sooner but also allows families to plan for the future.

At Memory Matters, we provide guidance, support groups, and tailored activities for people living with dementia and their carers in our local community. Whether you’re looking for information, emotional support, or just someone to talk to, we’re here to help.

You’re not alone. Together, we can make every moment matter.